General Muhammed Zia-ul-haq - Pakistan History :: essays research papers

Q. Talk about in detail the Islamization program of General Muhammed Zia-ul-Haq as the leader of Pakistan. A. Islamization Program of General Muhammed Zia-ul-Haq: - Foundation: - General Muhammed Zia-ul-Haq announced Martial Law in 1977 and accepted the workplace of the President of the nation. The then government needed to give a few military law guidelines to viably control the disturbing circumstance in the nation. There is one in number feeling which has viably beaten the years and that is cap the procedure of Islamization, truth be told, started the day the Qadianis were announced as non-Muslims on their invalidation of the certainty of Prophethood in 1974. The supposition appears to convey some weight as the activity of the Government of Mr. Z.A. Bhutto, announcing the Qadianis as non-Muslims, was comprehended as a stage to have been taken for the protect of the fundamental tenents of Islam. In any case, it was the military law system under General Muhammed Zia-ul-Haq which made commonsense strides for the procedure of Islamization. The Islamization Program: - The Islamization program of General Muhammed Zia-ul-Haq contained the accompanying advances. 1. Hadood Ordinance. 2. Qazaf Ordinance. 3. Nizaam-e-Salaat Committees. 4. Zakat Ordinance. 5. Ushr Ordinance. (a). Focal Zakat Council. (b). Common Zakat Council. (c). Region Zakat Committee. (d). Tehsil Zakat Committee. 6. Foundation of Federal Shariat Court. 7. Premium Free Banking. 8. Obligatory educating of Pakistan Studies and Islamiat. 9. Statute for the holiness of Ramzan-ul-Mubarak. 10. Boycott of Nudity. 11. Arabic News. 12. Utilization of Dopatta. 13.Majlis-e-Shoora. in repudiation to this Ordinance was obligated to three yeas detainment and a fine of RS. 500/ - . Be that as it may, emergency clinics, railroad stations, seaports, transport stands, trains and air terminals were excluded from this Ordinance. The Government so as to make Pakistan a genuine Islamic State strived difficult to present Islamic System in the nation. The Government thus required steadfast help and collaboration from the majority. Pakistan around then was going through the short lived stage towards a definitive objective of accomplishing an Islamic culture. An exceptionally long range was required to form Pakistan into an Islamic State. 10. Boycott of Nudity: - The Government forced a severe restriction on the showcase of naked banners especially on depicting ladies as exposure images. Show of bare scenes and moving movies with nakedness were additionally restricted ob the TV. 11. Arabic News: - Regular, five minutes were saved for Arabic news on the TV.

Effect of Pollution on Historical Monument Essay Example For Students

Impact of Pollution on Historical Monument Essay Contamination impacts are not kept to nature. The potential for harm to chronicled landmarks has just been figured it out. Some harm, for example, from wind or downpour, is unavoidable. Nonetheless, contamination contributes extra hazard factors that can expand the degree of obliteration. The impacts might be minor, for example, a darkening of the outside of landmarks because of residue. Different effects can have changeless results. Essentialness 1. Contamination adversely impacts verifiable landmarks and structures the world over, from the Acropolis in Greece to the Americas own Lincoln Memorial. The danger is in the danger of losing these crucial structures for eternity. Huge numbers of these landmarks have social and stylish worth that is priceless. Corrosive Rain 2. One of the more damaging types of contamination is corrosive downpour. Corrosive downpour happens when non-renewable energy source emanations containing sulfur dioxide consolidate with dampness noticeable all around to shape acidic precipitation. At the point when corrosive downpour falls on recorded landmarks of limestone or marble, a compound response happens which corrosively affects these structures. The response breaks down the material, prompting changeless harm. A worldwide temperature alteration 3. As indicated by the National Climatic Data Center, worldwide temperatures have ascended during the previous century at a pace of 0. 11 degrees Fahrenheit for every decade. The worry with recorded landmarks lies in the temperature impacts on the science. Warmth goes about as an impetus, speeding the pace of concoction responses. The destiny of recorded landmarks turns out to be progressively questionable, and the direness to make a move increments. A dangerous atmospheric devation happens when ozone depleting substances, for example, carbon dioxide trap brilliant warmth at the earths surface, which makes temperatures rise. Contributing Factors 4. Different components add to the pace of harm to recorded landmarks. An expansion in dampness gives the fundamental condition to destructive compound responses without downpour. In like manner, changes in sun radiation can briefly raise temperatures on the outside of landmarks, emulating the impacts of an Earth-wide temperature boost on a particular site. Counteraction/Solution 5. Luckily, the degrees of air sulfur dioxide have declined as of late, alleviating a few impacts of contamination on verifiable landmarks. As per the U. S. Condition Protection Agency (EPA), the United States saw in excess of a 70-percent decrease in these levels from 1980 to 2008. Different arrangements, for example, restricting vehicle traffic close to verifiable landmarks, may likewise reduce the effect of contamination. A recent report in the diary Science of The Total Environment found that such measures gave a prudent just as a dependable method to diminish contamination on the Arch of Titus in Rome.

How to apply schedule post feature in WordPress Blog

How to apply schedule post feature in WordPress Blog Schedule post is really a cool idea if you don't have time to make post frequently then you can scheduled your post which will help you to publish your post automatically in your desired time. Sometime we go for travel and at that case we don't have time to make post. In addition in exam time we are unable to make new post. So we can publish our post in schedule time by using schedule post feature in WordPress. Most of the beginners don't know about this feature. To do this you can write couple of article in advance and then add it in WordPress Writing panel and publish by scheduled preset time. Your schedule articles will be publish automatically which is really a cool feature. So this feature is really useful and solve our problem. You can also save time from daily bog posting. Now I will explain the tutorial to apply schedule post feature in WordPress Blog. Please follow the below steps carefully. Step 1Sign into yourWordPress accountand fromDashboardClick onPosts- Add New Step 2Now complete your post writing but don't hit the Publish button. Step 3Find Publish immediately option right Above Publish button and click on Edit link beside Publish immediately text. Step 4Now set the time date and click on Ok Button. Step 5 And finally click on Schedule button. Step 6 To check the schedule post click on All Post from top left side of the screen. and see the post is showing Scheduled with date and time. If you have followed all the above steps then it will help you to successfully scheduled your post in WordPress Blog. Better schedule time if morning. Because loyal readers can read your article when they first connected to theInternet. So try to set schedule time between 7 A.M to 8 A.M. If you have any query regarding schedulepost then feel free to leave a comment below. And kindly Like our Facebook page.

Thermal Energy A Substance Or System - 3594 Words

Kelly McManus Physics Honors Block 1 January 5, 2015 Thermal Energy Thermal energy is the energy a substance or system has related to its temperature. This means the energy of moving or vibrating molecules. Atoms and molecules are always in motion. Generally the motion of thermal energy cannot be seen, but instead the effects it has on the substance can be seen or felt. Thermal energy can have several different uses. It can be used to heat homes, cook food, and generate electricity. Thermal energy, however, is not the same as heat. Heat is energy transferred between substances or systems due to a temperature difference between them. Therefore it is correct to say that a system contains thermal energy, but it is incorrect to say that it contains heat. This is because heat refers to energy that is transferred from one thing to another. The quantity of heat transferred by a substance is reliant on on the speed and number of atoms or molecules in motion. The faster the atoms or molecules move, the higher the temperature. The more atoms or molecules that are in motion, the greater the amount of heat they transfer. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a body. Temperature can be understood by recognizing that a hot object contains more thermal energy than a cold object. The amount of thermal energy in a substance is affected by the amount of particles that are in it. Temperature is independent of number of particles inShow MoreRelatedThe Gap Between Energy Consumption And Energy Generation1718 Words   |  7 PagesCHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND Background The gap between energy consumption and energy generation is gradually increasing and has become a significant problem for both domestic and industrial applications. Furthermore, conventional energy sources, like fossil fuels, are not fulfilling the energy needs of the developing world. And, although they are still major energy sources for both the industrial and domestic sectors of the world s economy, they are also responsible for many problemRead MoreRelationship Between the Study of Heat and Kinetic Theory of Matter and Temperature1435 Words   |  6 Pagestemperature is important because it provides students with a means for exploring energy interactions in order to see the process with which thermal energy is transferred. As a result of the investigations, students obtain knowledge on the greater idea of conservation of energy. While temperature is described as a measure of average kinetic energy of a substance, heat is regarded as the wild motion of molecules in a substance (C halfant, Peyron Raschke, 2005). Relationship between the Study of Heat andRead MoreThe Theory Of Heat : The Natural Sciences Span Over A Wide Range Of Phenomena1126 Words   |  5 Pagesconnections between different subtopics. For example; in thermodynamics. 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Energy which may find out in various forms.for example kinetic energy,potential energy, thermal energy etc. so that heat is the form of thermal energy.According to human various purposes same energy can uses in various places. In this case the transfer of energy is very important. There are various methods bywhich we can transform energy from one form to another.But it depands on

Logistics And Supply Chain Management Essay - 1779 Words

Logistics Supply Chain Management YourFirstName YourLastName University title Abstract For any production and distribution to be successful, then it should be able to produce quality goods and products. It should also ensure that the goods get to the customer in good condition and on time among others. This is achieved through efficient and effective production and distribution logistics. Customer orders may face delays in delivery and therefore not meeting customer satisfaction, which could cause problems with customer retention. Analysis of data helps in coming up with the best actions that a manager or a CEO should take. This paper seeks to discover the factors that affect distribution in any given organization. SECTION I: INTRODUCTION Hymur Limited deals with the production of coolers that are used for outdoor picnics.That said, the production as well as distribution of these products are carried out in a facility situated on the East Coast. Due to low density products and high shipment rates, the company has challenges delivering and reaching the West Coast. Currently, the company ships products from the East Coast center of distribution and the East Coast facility to the West Coast and this is challenging. The company can adopt other alternatives such as giving a contract to another company to do the distribution to the West Coast on its behalf or establish a production and a distribution facility on the West Coast. Having multipleShow MoreRelatedLogistics And Supply Chain Management1033 Words   |  5 PagesLogistics and supply chain management is an important aspect of a firm’s strategy for the business to achieve success by creating value throughout the logistics and supply cha in. The research paper will outline the concepts that are involved in creating the logistics and supply management framework. 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Today In 2017 The Rate Of Unplanned Pregnancies Has Decreased

Today in 2017 the rate of unplanned pregnancies has decreased significantly from years ago, but currently there is no progress being made. In Michigan, according to the National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancies, the number of accidental pregnancies in girls aging from 15-19 is, 19.4 births for every 1,000 girls or 1 in 4 probability. Michigan is also nationally ranked 21 out of 50 states in teen pregnancy rate, this information verifies that some of the current measures that are being taken are working because the numbers are not higher, but there is always room for improvement. The topic of teen pregnancy stems back to when Richard Nixon was the president of the United States in 1970. As an addition to the Public†¦show more content†¦Verses if there were not access to these helpful resources or maybe not as easily accessible, people would not think twice abut having unprotected sex because they would know that they don t have any other options. †¨ Eve ry young girl who is sexually active is at risk for teen pregnancy. Children of teen parents are very likely to become teen parents themselves, this shows higher correlation in places of poverty and low income families. Unplanned teen pregnancy is more than just an unexpected expense than to just the parents, it is an expense to society. In America according to the National campaign, each year 9.4 billion dollars in taxpayer money is spent on teenage childbearing assistance. (2016). These costs include many things for both the child and the parents needs as well. The norms, values and beliefs of families also play a large role in the current social issue. Some families who were teen mothers themselves might be more or less educating to their child based on their experience. Also a large factor is that some religions do not believe in birth control or sex before marriage, therefor the parents of the children do not allow them to take contraceptives and then they accidentally get preg nant. There is defiantly not a lack of people who do not like theShow MoreRelatedDisadvantages Of Sex Education1734 Words   |  7 Pagesengaging in indecent sexual activity. Another common issue is unplanned/unwanted pregnancies. The prevalence of teenage pregnancy worldwide has become a cause of major concern in recent years. It also affects the community and society. There are several at risk circumstances related to teen pregnancy. These include higher dropout rates and less schooling, health, and medical complications, poverty encircled life and decreased career aspirations. Teen mothers have poor prenatal care since theyRead MoreIntroduction. In Biology, Human Population Growth Is Defined1661 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction In biology, human population growth is defined as the increase of the number of individuals per a population. Human population growth can be affected by several different factors such as life expectancy and fertility rates. Life expectancy and fertility rates are the driving forces behind the growth of human population. Life expectancy refers to the average period in which an individual is expected to live. Fertility refers to the number of children a woman will bear within her lifetimeRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesIssues 25 Learning an HRM Skill: Guidelines for Acting Ethically 26 Enhancing Your Communication Skills 26 ETHICAL ISSUES IN HRM: Invasion of Privacy? 9 WORKPLACE ISSUES: We Are Now Entering the Blogosphere 10 Workforce Diversity 10 The Workforce Today 10 DID YOU KNOW?: Chief Diversity Officer 11 How Diversity Affects HRM 11 WORKPLACE ISSUES: Diversity Awareness 12 What Is a Work/Life Balance? 12 DID YOU KNOW?: Looking at the Future of HRM 13 DID YOU KNOW?: International Diversity 14 The Labor Supply

T.K Doraiswamy free essay sample

Book Review: Novel Course : Indian Literature in English Course Instructor: Prof. GJV Prasad Words For The Wind (1973)- T K Doraiswamy With due credit to Google, first the Wikipedia-ish information, and this I confess I have shamelessly plagiarized solely for the reason that I myself could not be as concise. T K Doraiswamy was born in 1922. He did his M. Phil in Virginia Woolf’s works and retired as Professor of English, Mar Ivanois College, Thiruvananthapuram. Equally distinguished as a poet, translator, critic, anthologist, novelist, and short fiction writer, his publications include a novel and six books of poems in English, and nine novels and five books of poems in Tamil. He received the Asan Memorial Award for Tamil Poetry in 1983. Interestingly most of his English works were published under his real name while the Tamil ones under the pen name ‘Nakulan’. His alter-ego Naveenan in his Tamil novels stands out as a modernist anti-hero who was perhaps the first of his kind in Tamil literature. And this I mention because his only English novel â€Å"Words for the Wind† is also a first person narrative by a man named Naveen. I’m curious to know why he edited ‘Naveenan’ to ‘Naveen’ for his English work. He was one of the first writers to attempt techniques like  stream of consciousness   in Tamil literature ably. He translated James Joyce, T. S Eliot and K Ayyappa Paniker and as per Wikipedia claims, influence of Joyce was pronounced in his writings but â€Å"it was more the metaphysical and religious thrust similar to T. S Eliot and the sparseness of style of a Samuel Beckett that really makes his works stand out†. And I have particular problems with this statement, obviously. Firstly because it reeks of colonial servitude and secondly because it deprives an amazing talent the credit due for its individuality. Again as per Wikipedia, â€Å" he was definitely(italics mine) a late modernist moving into the realm of post modernism. In a review of his short stories published in The Hindu on 30 December 2008, it is mentioned that he was called â€Å" the writer’s writer† in Tamil literary circle because of his experimental writings in poetry as well as fiction and â€Å"inspite of eing experimental his writings are readable and seem simple at first reading. He never compromised with the contemporary popular literary field going for stereotyped plots to spin his work of art and consciously avoided attractive storylines opting instead for the simple straightforward narration of everyday events in his life as an outsider without any commitments or justifications with minimum words. â₠¬  A blogger observes that his Modernism was well mixed with the deepest Tamil wisdom. He remained a bachelor for life, taking care of his old parents till their death. He died in 2007. After this introduction- in which I hope you understand, heavy plagiarism was inevitable- I finally come to my very own viewpoint. I like to imagine that I have rediscovered a valuable piece of writing from a not so distant past of the Indian writing in English. During my first cursory glance of the novel I was stunned that an Indian had written something like this, way back in 1973, an Indian whom I haven’t heard about ever in literature. But then I have been badgered with amazingly stunning discoveries in this class , stunning obviously for an ignorant student like me, which made my first astonishment subside not through the course of the novel but through the course of this course. I realized, Indians had actually written amazingly stunning stuff that I, pitifully an Indian, had grown up being oblivious of. So. While my dear friends have been coveting the enticingly slim 76 page volume that I chose, I myself reveled in an apparently easy read- which illusion was later shattered. The novel begins with the rather casual, candid opening, â€Å" I want to write a short novel in English. I have been toying with the idea of doing this off and on, these three, four, five years past. But now I have started it. Now that I have started it, I don’t know how I should go about it. Till now the idea of the medium- I mean English- has been the stumbling block. But now I have actually started it I find the real crux is what I should write about. I can start with myself. But they say you should not. I very well identify with such a strain of writing and therefore it was personally very palatable to me, by the middle of the first page however I was smiling to myself. Here he says, â€Å"I have read my share of Joyce, Kafka, Beckett. Who has not? † I smiled thinking, ‘surely Mr. writer, you did not expect such erudition from the wind to which you have ostensibly directed your words. Or perhaps, this wind blows only in literary circles! ’ Well, I sha melessly confess being the ordinary commonplace listless wind†¦. appily the very next line read, â€Å"But when it comes to the point, I prefer taking my whisky neat. † True for the writer, as for the reader. I have given such a long introduction of the writer because the novel is heavily autobiographical. It is surely stream of consciousness or as Naveen would have us believe, he plunges his hand in the pocket of memory and takes out whatever comes, but â€Å"memory† as in the caveat Naveen quickly adds, â€Å" is a crazy bitch†. The prose is interspersed with very short poetic pieces all over, making the experimental temper evident. The narrative is calibrated into nine neat short chapters which ramble through Naveeen’s musings over his home with his old parents: â€Å"An ill- furnished house. A hole. One two three. Father, mother and me† ; His listless life: â€Å"I read books. I smoke. Occasionally I drink. I chew pan. I ask myself if this is life. I doubt. † At another place : â€Å" I suppose temperamentally I like it- just lying down, reading Simone Weil or thinking†¦. † ; His shared past and present with an elder brother posted at the embassy at Washington: â€Å" I knew Guru in the sense that my elder brother knows Guru. Yes the Guru I know is the Guru he knows. So it is Guru twice removed. † ; his school; the death of a self-castrated popular Saiva Vellala teacher and how the sight of his corpse broke something in Naveen and turned him to musing and writing; his friend Sivan who is disgusted with life simply because each row with his wife who ill treated his old mother was finally made up with sex : â€Å"Man is a pack- animal and the loads you put on him- house, office, wife, children, ambition and not to lag behind his own ideals. Naveen, you know no white man will understand this; it is not the white man’s burden. It is yours and mine. If only I can cut off my penis. ; and an entire chapter where he is talking to his intimate friend, his dog named Pappa Mia. The winding narration which seems erratic however is not really haywire. There are recurring symbols revealed at another places in the novel which remind me slightly of â€Å"The God of Small Things. † What I liked best in the novel was the balance of the uncerta inty in tone with the deep ponderings over the everyday happenings in Naveen’s life, it’s self-indulgent mode, meandering over the metaphysical and the physical, mundane and bizarre, without alienating the reader : â€Å" I don’t know why I write this novel. Self-expression? But I doubt whether I have a self to express at all†¦.. Reader, I am as curious as you are to find out where all this will take me†. Through Naveen’s narration, which often appeals directly to the reader, the novel explores the problem of language, of expression in English, of the image of Indians in the eyes of their fellow countrymen settled abroad, of sexuality, life, God, shadows, reality, relations, old age, politics- literary and social, and even novel writing â€Å"as an exciting game†. There shouldn’t however be any misconception about the kind of narrative this is. Here is a forty year old widely read man. He quotes from the writers he has read, but not to flaunt his erudition, for with him â€Å"impressions are ideas†. He muses, â€Å"because I teach Whitman, just at present, should I steal my ideas from him? Do we steal ideas? Or do ideas steal us? I do not know which is which. † The names of writers that find mention in his narrative range from Joyce, Kafka, Beckett, Proust, James, Stein, Bacon, Shakespeare , Dos Passos, Forster, Frost, Emerson, Dylan Thomas( with whose quote the book ends), Pasternak, Solzhenitsyn to Naipaul, Nirad Chaudhary, Bharathi, Bharathidasan, Ramamirtham, C. V Deshani, Buddhadeva Bose, Mauni and Keshav Malik ( to whom the book is dedicated). Towards the end, during the episode with old man N. N, the narrative becomes heavily philosophical and transcendental. There are unforgettable vignettes that furnish the scape of the life and mind of this interesting man. These include the fleeting mention of an Indo-Anglian sahiba’s comment â€Å"apropos of my poems, that I wrote only notes for poems and not poems at all. , the repulsive episode of the maid Alamu, the reflections over Pappa Mia’s stumped tail, and many interesting conversations like the following with his elder brother visiting from the US: â€Å" ‘You are a typical Indian stick-in-the mud. So self-satisfied. Have you seen the poor here? ’ ‘I have read Naipaul. ’ ‘Do you think our people will ever advance? ’ ‘I have read Nirad Chaudhary. ’ ‘ But what do you think? ’ ‘I think they tell only half th e truth. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ‘†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦do you think you can speak the whole truth? ’ ‘Nobody can speak the whole truth. ’ ‘ My God, you are a typical Indian all over, spinning words like the spider. † And my personal favorite of all his fantastic poetic pieces( this one describing his English teacher) strewn all over the text: â€Å" He was Rotund Or rather Orotund; He was Rubicund And Round like A cubical Homunculus: Bless me! The Dear One Cheered one’s soul! And the man Knew English. † Interesting peeps into the language conflict can be seen as in, â€Å"like as here we have coconut trees†¦. †, â€Å"I did not exactly know what exactly happened†. Also as he quotes some Mr. D who told him that it is only in English the word â€Å"I† is capitalized, which leads him to think, â€Å"I don’t know. It may be. And I have only this â€Å"I† to go by. So whatever strikes it, finds a place here. † Also as his friend refers to his wife as his â€Å"she†, and the spider in Tamil is simply called â€Å"eight legs†. Somebody tells somebody, â€Å" you should have gone home instead of standing here and standing. † Naveen’s views on writing are scattered over the narrative. â€Å"I don’t believe in erasing anything I have written. The dustbins wait. What are books but space conveniently contrived to hold garbage? † , â€Å"Reader I tell you words are the devil†, and he classic conversation with his dog in which he says â€Å"Why should a book be chockfull of words that follow pell-mell, cheek by jowl that hurt you like mad? When will the fellow cease his endless palaver? Pappa Mia, you are right. The real writer never bothered to write. I know it; you know it; yes, which dog did ever bother to set pen to paper? † For al l the theorizing, reviewing and tagging, I will only end my paper by repeating what Sivan tells Naveenan: â€Å"But Naveenan, why a writer writes the way he does God only knows! † ( True for the novel, as for this paper! )